Network Strategy

Outline

• What is Network / Internetwork
• Types of Network
• Benefits of Networks

What is a Network

A network is a set of devices (nodes) connected by communication links.

A node can be:

• Computer
• Printer
• Switch
• Router
• Server
• Any device that can send or receive data

Another definition:

A network is a collection of hardware devices and software protocols that connect computing devices.

Main Purpose of a Network

The main purpose of a network is resource sharing, such as:

• Data sharing
• Internet sharing
• Printer sharing
• Applications
• Storage
• Other computational resources

Internetwork

We use hubs, bridges, and switches to form a network.

An internetwork is the connection of two or more networks for the purpose of sharing resources.

We use routers to connect different networks and form an internetwork.

We use routers

Added Important Note:

• Switch → connects devices in same network
• Router → connects different networks

Benefits of Networks

1. Resource Sharing

Allows multiple devices to share:

• Printers
• Files
• Internet
• Applications

This reduces cost and increases efficiency.

2. Communication

Networks allow users to communicate using:

• Email
• Messaging
• VoIP
• Video conferencing

3. Centralized Data Management

• Data stored in central server
• Easy management
• Easy backup
• Better organization

4. Scalability

Networks can be expanded easily by adding:

• New users
• New devices
• New services

5. Cost Efficiency

• Less hardware required
• Shared software licenses
• Reduced maintenance cost

6. Security

Networks provide centralized security:

• Firewalls
• Access control
• Encryption
• Authentication

7. Remote Access

Users can access:

• Files
• Applications
• Systems

from remote locations.

8. Reliability

If one device fails:

• Network can still work
• Alternative paths may exist

9. Backup and Recovery

• Centralized backup
• Automated backups
• Easy disaster recovery
• Reduced data loss

Types of Network

1. Workgroup / Homegroup / Peer-to-Peer Network

In this network every computer acts as both:

• Server
• Client

Each computer decides:

• What to share
• What not to share

There is no dedicated server.

Advantages of Peer-to-Peer

• Easy to install and configure
• No dedicated server required
• Users control their own resources
• Inexpensive to purchase and operate
• No additional software required
• No dedicated administrator required

Disadvantages of Peer-to-Peer

• Weak security
• No centralized control
• Multiple passwords required
• Backup must be done on each machine
• Difficult to manage data Not suitable for networks with more than 10 computers

2. Domain-Based / Client-Server Network

This network has:

• Dedicated Server
• Multiple Clients

Server controls:

• Users
• Security
• Resources
• Permissions

Clients depend on server.

Advantages of Client-Server

• Centralized user accounts
• Better security
• Simplified administration
• Efficient resource access
• Single login password
• Centralized backup

Disadvantages of Client-Server

• Server failure can affect entire network
• Requires expert administrator
• Higher cost
• Dedicated hardware required
• Specialized server software required

Quick Comparison (Exam Important)